WTPs involves process of water purification that makes water acceptable for end-use like drinking, industrial application, medicines etc. WTPs include both physical as well as chemical separation of constituents either in suspended or dissolved form in water. The particles in suspension are either removed from screening/ filtering or settling. However, the dissolved impurities involve application of chemicals that removes hardness, turbidity, color and other unwanted constituents. Afterwards, suitable technologies are chosen based on selective requirements like Reverse Osmosis for drinking and boiler applications, Ultra-Filtration & Reverse osmosis for Pharmaceuticals, R.O. & Mineral Additioner for beverages. The list is endless. Following guidelines are followed for designing a system –

• WHO guidelines for drinking water quality requirements
• BIS standards or industry specific standards for a particular nature of industry.